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Abstract
Hypertension is a chronic condition characterized by persistently elevated arterial blood pressure and is associated with significant metabolic and hormonal disturbances affecting multiple organ systems. This study aimed to evaluate liver enzyme activity and selected hormonal biomarkers in hypertensive patients compared with normotensive individuals. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 60 adult male participants, including 35 hypertensive patients attending outpatient clinics and 25 apparently healthy normotensive controls. Venous blood samples (5 mL) were collected under standardized conditions. Serum levels of aldosterone, cortisone, and creatinine were measured using ELISA (Human Diagnostics, Germany), while liver enzymes (ALT and AST) were assessed using standard biochemical methods. The results revealed significantly higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure in hypertensive patients compared to controls (p ≤ 0.01). In addition, hypertensive patients exhibited significantly elevated levels of aldosterone, cortisone, ALT, AST, and creatinine. These findings indicate that hypertension is associated with significant alterations in hormonal balance, liver function, and renal parameters, reflecting its systemic nature. The combined evaluation of these biomarkers may provide useful insights for early detection and risk assessment in hypertensive patients. Further studies are warranted to clarify the underlying mechanisms linking hormonal dysregulation and hepatic function to hypertension.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Ikhlas Abdel Fattah (Author)